The Standard Classification Of Mental Disorders - 994 Words

Discussion 14 Question 1: According to the American Psychiatric Association, the DSM 5 is the standard classification of mental disorders, which is being used by American mental health providers. It includes a list of diagnostic criteria for every psychiatric disorder discovered by the U.S. healthcare system. The DSM 5 is presently used in clinical and community services settings. Creating a tool like this was a need, due to the fact that providers need to collect and communicate statistics about psychiatric disorders. The need of revising the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Disorders is the product of a discussion on 1999, between Steven Hyman, the director of the National Institute of mental health, Steven M. Mirin, the director of the American Psychiatric Association and David J. Kupter, the chair of the American Psychiatric Association Committee on Psychiatric Diagnosis and assessment. They concluded that they have to work together to develop a reliable agenda to expand and update the scie ntific basis for psychiatric classification and diagnosis. They come out with a consensus after revising gaps in the current health system, neuroscience new findings, new developmental issues, and cross-cultural problems. After several years or studies, revisions, and research, the DSM-5 officially replaced the DSM IV, on May 2013 at the American Psychiatric Association annual’s meeting. Question 2: The so called psychological disorders are more common and frequent that weShow MoreRelatedControversies Surrounding Classification of Disorders Essay957 Words   |  4 PagesControversies Surrounding Classification Theories of Psychopathology HS513-T302 March 25, 2012 Abstract The DSM is used as a standard of reference for psychological diagnosis. The DSM was originally published in 1952 containing only 106 diagnoses; today the revised DSM-IV-TR contains 365 diagnoses. 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The Food Revolution Of Cuba - 1525 Words

Food Revolution in Cuba When we think of Cuba, we think revolution, yet we will zoom in on a different revolution that has been happening in Cuba and this is a food revolution. This crucial movement was in response to crisis, hitherto it resulted in the most innovative act of sustainability. After Fidel Castro seized power in 1959, the US placed an embargo on the country. They were maintained by the Soviet Union, yet they would face a downfall that would propel innovation. When the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, deemed the Special Period, the country suffered a tremendous loss in the supply of food, medicine, and fuel, and so had to find a way to feed the people. Action to grow in vacant lots began and resulted in what is now called organoponicos. In Micky Ellinger’s â€Å"Urban Agriculture in Cuba,† he cites that there are over 7,000 organoponicos and growing. 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Population Problems in Bangladesh Free Essays

string(76) " must strictly be regulated by certain rules, which we call, traffic rules\." [pic] Assignment On Population Problems in bangladesh Submitted To: Halimur R. khan, Ph. D. We will write a custom essay sample on Population Problems in Bangladesh or any similar topic only for you Order Now Professor FBA Eastern University Submitted By: Name |ID | |Dewan Abdullah |101200205 | |Jannatul Ferdaous |101200214 | |Tanzila Afrin | 101200004 | |Shahina Akter |101200211 | Faculty of Business Administration Submission: 11/05/2011 Terms of Reference May 11, 2011 Halimur R. khan,Ph. D. , Professor Faculty of Business Administration, Eastern University Sir, The report at your hand is on â€Å"population problem in Bangladesh†. You assign us to prepare this report as a part of the Business Communication (BUS-201) course requirement. While preparing this report, we have tried to follow your instructions given in the class. We believe our report contains information help us to make a clear recognize about â€Å"population problem in Bangladesh†. We really enjoyed doing such a challenging report. If you have further queries regarding this paper, we gladly remain stand by whenever you ask for it. Finally, we are grateful to you for giving us a nice opportunity to work on this report, which we have considered as a great chance for us to develop our analytical skills. Sincerely yours, Dewan Abdullah Jannatul Ferdaous Tanzila Afrin Shahina Akter [pic] 1. Introduction: Today more than a billion people live in the areas richest in species diversity and the most threatened by human activities. The world’s population is now more than 6. billion and continues to grow by 83 million people per year. During the last half-century, the world’s population more than doubled. Between 1960 and 2010, the world population rose from 3 billion to 6. 8 billion. In other words, there has been more growth in population in the last fifty years than the previous 2 million years that humans have existed. Currently the rate of population increase is 1. 2% per year, which means the planet’s human population is on a trajectory to double again in 58 years. The planet’s major renewable natural resources—its fresh water, fisheries and forests—are already strained, and our atmosphere has been dramatically alter. Based on these trends, it is clear that the 21st century will witness even greater pressures on natural resources—with the poorest among us often paying the greatest price. Thomas Malthus believed that natural rates of human reproduction, when unchecked, would lead to geometric increases in population: population would grow in a ratio of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and so on. However, he believed that food production increased only in arithmetic progression: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10. It seemed obvious to him that something had to keep the population in check to prevent wholesale starvation. He said that there were two general kinds of checks that limited population growth: preventative checks and positive checks. Preventative checks reduced the birth rate; positive checks increased the death rate. Despite sustained domestic and international efforts to improve economic and demographic prospects, Bangladesh remains a developing nation, in part due to its large population. Its per capita income in 2006 was US$2300, compared to the world average of $10,200. Recent (2005–2007) estimates of Bangladesh’s population range from 142 to 159 million, making it the 8th most populous nation in the world. With a land area of 143,998 square kilometers (55,600 square miles, ranked 94th), the population density is remarkable. A striking comparison is offered by the fact that Russia’s population is only slightly smaller. Bangladesh boasts the highest population density in the world, excluding a handful of microstates. Bangladesh’s population growth was among the highest in the world in the 1960s and 1970s, when the country grew from 50 to 90 million people, but with the promotion of birth control in the 1980s, the growth rate slowed. The total fertility rate is now 3. 1 children per woman, compared with 6. 2 three decades ago. The population is relatively young, with the 0–25 age group comprising 60%, while 3% are 65 or older. Bangladesh remains among the poorest nations in the world. Many people are landless and forced to live on and cultivate flood-prone land. Nearly half of the population lives on less than 1 US$ per day. BANGLADESH had one of the highest rates of population growth in the world. Bangladesh is among the poorest Asian countries. GNP per capita, now at $170, has grown very little since 1970 and is still among the lowest in the world. Rural people–90 percent of the population–have seen increasing landlessness and economic dislocation. Underemployment remains high. The overall literacy rate is 30 percent; for women, it is only 22 percent. The social status of the vast majority of women, bound by the restrictions of a patriarchal, traditional society, has changed little since Independence. Top 10 countries, based on population†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ [pic] 2. State of the problems : It is alarming news. People in Bangladesh should now understand the reality of the problem. Population is growing, land for cultivation is sinking, climate change will create havoc for the country, there is excess in government expenditure for foreign trips and hosts of other problems are coming up. I heard the Prime Minister saying that she send the Bangladeshis abroad to solve the population problem. That sounded hollow to me. The government should have a viable policy of limiting population growth. This is a serious problem for Bangladesh. [pic] 2. 1 Environmental Issues: Many people are landless and forced to live on and cultivate flood-prone land; water-borne diseases prevalent in surface water; water pollution, especially of fishing areas, results from the use of commercial pesticides; ground water contaminated by naturally occurring arsenic; intermittent water shortages because of falling water tables in the northern and central parts of the country; soil degradation and erosion; deforestation; severe overpopulation. 2. Overpopulation Creates Traffic Jam: Traffic Jam is one of the most irritating problems in Bangladesh. Everyone feels it but none seems to think over this unhappy situation as prevails in Bangladesh. Communication is an important aspect of our day-to-day li fe. And as such, the bad effect of traffic jam can better be understood than described. So that, movements on the roads and streets must strictly be regulated by certain rules, which we call, traffic rules. You read "Population Problems in Bangladesh" in category "Essay examples" Vehicles must keep to the left, obey speed limits and should avoid overtaking and follow the traffic signals. If these rules are followed strictly, the vehicles can go on smoothly without causing any traffic jam. But most often than not, there is glaring carelessness about these rules. As a result, the common people pay very dearly for it. People lose their time on their way for nothing. Sometimes we feel inclined to think that our government and the people at the helm of these affairs are very indifferent to such vital problems. Something positive must be done to relieve the people from such problems. T[pic] The main reasons of traffic jam is overpopulation. 2. 3 Overpopulation Creates Load Shedding Load shedding occurs when generation of power is less than the demand and it creates problems of far reaching consequences in the economic and social development of the country. Mills and factories become idle, industrial production declines, workers are retrenched. Social order suffers a great damage. Students suffer in their study, straining their eyes in dim candle lights. The housewife gropes in the darkness in the kitchen. the shops have to close down. Men in the cinema halls spend hours in stuffy suffocation for failure of the supply of current. People return home after a day’s hard work only to enter a dark den. The entire life-domestic and industrial comes to a standstill. Load shedding occurs when generation of power is less than the demand and it creates problems of far reaching consequences in the economic and social development of the country. Mills and factories become idle, industrial production declines, workers are retrenched. Social order suffers a great damage. Students suffer in their study, straining their eyes in dim candlelight. The housewife gropes in the darkness in the kitchen. The shops have to close down. Men in the cinema halls spend hours in stuffy suffocation for failure of the supply of current. People return home after a day’s hard work only to enter a dark den. The entire life-domestic and industrial comes to a standstill. So that it says, demand of electricity is increase when population is rapidly increased day to day. 2. 4 Housing Problem Housing means providing our dwelling place. It is a problem because very little attention is paid to it. That housing is a problem must first be considered a great problem by the government as well as the conscious citizens. The employer must be compelled to provide proper accommodation facilities for their employees. The government may also impose suitable taxes on profit and utilize this income for the purpose of building accommodation for workers. The government should also make it a point to make the people in general conscious of the danger of unhygienic living. The picture shows that overpopulation creates both environment pollution housing problem [pic] 2. 5 Educational problems Population problem creates educational problems too. It is an extraordinary job to get admission in schools, colleges and university. For twenty seats, there may be two thousand candidates. 6. Unemployment In the field of employment this condition is dangerous. For one single vacant post there will be thousand candidates. Thousands and thousands of people are out of work in the country. 2. 7 Sound pollution Among the many-side environmental pollutions, sound pollution is one of the serious problems. It has reached an alarming stage now-a-days. The quietness of our life has totally vanished. Even within our homes sound has been very common. Many are the causes of this problem of sound pollution. Microphones blare out day in and day out. Film songs are played on cassette recorders at top volume even from the wayside betel shops. There are the aggressive bullying horns of automobiles. During religious festivals crackers are burst in discriminately and as a result the lives of the children and the aged person become miserable. Shouting of slogans also contributes not a little to sound pollution. One can even come across slogan shouting in hospitals. The extent of sound pollution has already crossed the normal limits of human endurance. We have to pass strict laws to take effective steps against the misuse of microphones. So that, population problems creates sound pollution that is chasing us in almost every step of our life. 2. 8 Green House Effect There are many causes of green house effect. The destruction and cutting down of tropical rain forests. Vehicles that clog up city streets and rapid growth of population are the most effective causes of green house effect. All this reports provide strong evidence that world temperatures are increasing day by day; growth of population is the most effective causes of Green house effect. 2. 9 Overpopulation Can Increasing Air Pollution The city of Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. It faces a number of problems for overpopulation. Increasing air population is one of them. It is creating serious threat to health for the millions of the city dwellers. The root cause of this air-pollution in this city is the rise of population, unplanned industrial activities and growth motorizes vehicles. Then there are the auto-rickshaws, tempos, buses, mini bus and trucks. These vehicles discharge excessive amount of carbon in the air. It has been reported that at present 80 thousand cars, 40 thousand auto-rickshaws, 16 thousand trucks, 1500 buses and 22,500 other vehicles are operating in the Dhaka Metropolitan area. Then there are also a good number of vehicles coming in and going out from the city every day. In the context of this situation, necessary measures for control of air-pollution should situation. Necessary measures for control of air-pollution should be taken jointly by the government and the city dwellers. 2. 0 Food problem Population in Bangladesh is increasing by geometrical progression. But the agricultural production is increasing by arithmetical progression. The production of food cannot keep pace with our increasing people. S o there is the shortage of food in our country. Every year a large quantity of food is to be imported from abroad. 2. 11 Health problem â€Å"Health is wealth†, but our people are suffering from many diseases. Many children of our country are blind because they do not get enough nutrition. Our children often suffer in diarrhea. 2. 12 Medical and medicine problem The large number of population creates the treatment problems too. There is only one qualified doctor for every 25,000 village people on the average. They also do not get proper and sufficient medicine. 2. 13 Shelter Problems The area of Bangladesh is too small to arrange shelter for the large number of population. In our country some people sleep under the porn sky, under the large tree, at railway station. This cause creates only for the population problems. 2. 14 Poverty Overpopulation is a cause of poverty. The increasing population of our country is creating pressure to our wealth. Our wealth is limited. So day by day we become poor. In this picture the little poor boy is working to earn money for food. Overpopulation increases food problem poverty [pic] 3. Reasons of population problems in Bangladesh: Population growth is not the only threat facing humanity, but it will be a major contributor to the crises that await us and the planet in the coming century. Overpopulating the planet puts us all at risk of extreme environmental and social consequences that we are beginning to witness today. Beyond the dour environmental implications of current and future global population growth, there is a human tragedy in process as well. When we look forward to the next 40 years, the most significant population increases will take place in the areas of our world where natural resources and the infrastructure of modernity are already the scarcest. Ninety-five percent of human population growth is occurring in countries already struggling with poverty, illiteracy and civil unrest. In fact, developing countries are in need of approximately $1 trillion per year in new infrastructure (school rooms, for example) to accommodate the dramatic increases to their populations. This figure is effectively impossible to meet, which means the continued expansion of human population will result in an increase in the number of people living in poverty, unemployment and with inadequate health care. 3. 1 Hypothesis: †¢ Lack of awareness: Lack of awareness is the burning issue of increasing population. It is the root of all problems. Gender discrimination: There is a traditional view of having a male child. Parents thought that if they have a male child they will support them economically when they are able to earn. Parents specially take care of a male child than female one. So they try to have more and more male child. This practice is increasing the member of the family as well as the whole country. This situation is mostly seen in rural villages and in slum areas. †¢ Early marriage: Another main reason of population problem is early marriage of girls who are under 18. Poor parents are mainly interested in early marriage. Having daughter is a burden to them so they try to get them married early. Lack of education: The quality of education in remote rural areas was far worse than in urban areas, largely due to a scarcity of English teachers and the predominance of religious schools (‘madrasas’) where English is not taught, the study said. Our kids are falling behind in many areas of intellectu al achievement. The whimsical decision of the government not to promote teachers without certain qualifications is further worsening in this situation. Sixty-nine percent of students who had completed five years of primary school were unable to read news headlines in Bangla newspapers properly, while 87 percent of pupils failed to do simple mathematical calculations, the study, entitled National Assessment of Pupils of Grades Three and Five – 2006, said. Conducted by the Second Primary Education Development Programmer (PEDP-II) – a donor-assisted programmer to ensure quality primary education for all children – the study reported that 72 percent of children were unable to write a short composition in Bangla – the mother tongue of over 95 percent of the population. 2. Some other reasons are given below: †¢ There is not enough food to feed a growing population. †¢ There is not a stable enough economy to give jobs or a decent standard of living to the current population, much less a growing one. †¢ Consumption of Resources for the current population already out weights the planet’s capacity. †¢ Pollution by the current population is heavy, and would be worsened by a greater population. †¢ Education is best given individually, and the system is stressed when more students are added. 4. Solutions to the population problems in Bangladesh: We should all come forward to control the population. The government of Bangladesh is trying to control it. To remove this problem we should following arrangement: †¢ Using contraception: There are many choices to make about whether or not to use contraception and what method to use if you want to avoid a pregnancy. Contraceptive methods include the use of hormones, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and barrier and natural methods. People choose to use contraceptives (birth control) for a variety of reasons. Choosing the birth control that is right for you is a personal decision and should be an informed one. You may have decided that you don’t wish to have children or would love them – just at a later point in your life. ? You may choose to use birth control to help space the timing of the births of your children. ? You may be feeling like your family is complete, so you wish to guard against the possibility of becomi ng pregnant again. Because we are all individuals and have our own unique needs, so too, we may prefer a particular contraceptive method over another – depending on our sexual, moral, or reproductive needs. †¢ Birth control: Birth control is an umbrella term for several techniques and methods used to prevent fertilization or to interrupt pregnancy at various stages. Birth control techniques and methods include contraception (the prevention of fertilization), contraception (preventing the implantation of the blast cyst) and abortion (the removal or expulsion of a fetus or embryo from the uterus). Contraception includes barrier methods, such as condoms or diaphragm, hormonal contraception, also known as oral contraception, and inject able contraceptives. [1] Contraceptives, also known as post-coital birth control, include intrauterine devices and what is known as the morning after pill. †¢ Mass education: There is a famous saying in Bangladesh: â€Å"Lekha pora kore Je Gari Gora chore se† (Those who are educated will succeed). This traditional thinking of education as the ticket to the good life emerges in different ways and degrees in Bangladesh. Education is seen as something that is received rather than achieved and it has increasingly become dependent on certificates. †¢ Stop early marriage: Education is the most important key to helping end the practice of forced child marriages. Many believe that education may prove to be more successful in preventing child marriages than banning child marriages. Education of the parents is just as important as education of the children. Education will broaden their horizons and will help convince parents of the benefits in having their children educated. It is important to provide education involving more than reading, writing, and math. Teaching these young girls life skills, including reproduction and contraception information, how to have fun and how to play in sports, is proving to be a positive way to change the lives and futures of these adolescent girls. †¢ Stop early pregnancy: Early marriage is mostly seen in village. This problem is increasing rapidly because those people don’t have awareness. To solve this problem the mother have to wait at least 18 years old before trying to have children improves maternal and child health. Also, if additional children are desired after a child is born; it is healthier for the mother and the child to wait at least 2 years after the previous birth before attempting to conceive but not more than 5 years. 5. Conclusion: Population pyramids, or age-sex pyramids, graphically depict the distribution of a country’s population based on age and gender. A top-heavy pyramid represents a country with an aging population that is failing to replace itself. Contrarily, a bottom-heavy pyramid represents a country with a rapid growth rate. Furthermore, indentations and spikes represent natural, environmental, and human phenomena that have affected population growth over time. Causes of these reductions and booms in population are natural disasters, famine, wars, postwar eras, increase in level of healthcare, and baby boom eras. The population is a great malady for Bangladesh. But this can be solved if the government and the people are firmly determined to control birth rate and grow more food at the same time. No improvement is possible unless this problem to solve†¦. [pic][pic][pic] How to cite Population Problems in Bangladesh, Essay examples

The Emergence of Rock n Roll free essay sample

For them, it was just a more artistic version of saying sex. This term stayed in the lyrics of early blues music until the mid-asss when a disc jockey by the name of Allen Freed matched and popularized this term with a specific type of music. This type of music combined black rhythm and blues music with southern white country music. We can all agree that it has been madly popular, so why did it take so long to come into existence? Technological advancements in society helped rock n roll music reach a broader audience, and connecting and rebelling with the music helped teenagers release a lot of built up stress from higher authorities. The invention of the 45 RPM record helped the music become more accessible. Many record companies competed with each other on record sizes and speeds before finally coming to the agreement that they would sell the seven inch 45 RPM record. The RPM stands for revolutions per minute, which is the amount of times the record will rotate per minute while playing. The companies also decided that these records would be vinyl instead of shellac, because vinyl held the music better than the older shellac material did. Before records came in the 45, there were only the big ass.These were bigger ND more flimsy, so companies were forced to take extra time and care when these were shipped. Doing this would cost money. This was extra money that smaller record companies did not have, so they couldnt ship them to the radio stations. The 45 RPM records were created because they were cheap, small, and more durable. After they were created, many of the smaller record companies were able to have them and disperse these records to all the local radio stations. This also helped with the promotion of new songs.Teenagers would hear these new songs that they liked, and then they would go to record tortes and buy a record of their own (Peterson 100). These records were also able to be shipped at a higher quantity, because the records themselves were smaller, and the amount of space needed to keep them safe was cut down significantly. Another invention that helped get the music into the audiences ears was the transistor radio. Before this invention, radios were big, expensive, power consuming, heat producing, and had big vacuum tubes.Families usually only had one radio in their households because of this, and people rarely had portable radios. People did not have these portable radios because they were regale and heavy from the large batteries that they used. When families have only one radio, it is most likely going to be in the living room and controlled by the parents who do not like rock n roll music. The transistor radio came out in the mid-sass. These radios were shipped in from Japan and were cheap, small, and used smaller lightweight batteries.This meant that every teenager was able to have their own and listen to whatever radio station they chose. They were small enough for the teenagers to bring to the beach, school, to parties, or work. In other words, they could listen to rock n roll whenever that wanted to (Peterson 102). As these radios were gaining more and more popularity, a music director of an independent radio station in Omaha, Nebraska had the great idea to develop the top 40 format for radio stations (Peterson 1 12). This meant he would take the top 40 hits at the time and play them on loop all day.If a rock n roll artist like Elvis Presley gained enough popularity from his performances in concerts or on television to make it into the top 40, he would have his songs played on the air all day for those teenagers who brought their radios to the beach and work. These managers basically decided what their top 40 favorite songs were, and they got to listen to them whenever they wanted. If they liked what they heard, then they would go to a record store and buy the record. This helped get a plethora of new music out to fresh ears, and this in turn made the rock n roll industry blossom.Television was another invention that had a big influence on rock n roll. Many people argue that television actually had the biggest influence on rock n roll emerging. The television started to become popular in 1949. By 1955, 65 percent of households had a television and many thought it would laminate the radio from our lives. Many wondered why anyone would just sit and listen to something when they instead could listen and watch a moving picture. Television shows that featured new popular music started to arise (Peterson 102). On a program called Your Hit Parade, the top ten selling hits every week were played.Instead of playing the original music from the record like a radio station, the studio band would play the hit song (Peterson 103). Two other popular variety shows at the time were The Milton Berne Show and The De Sullivan Show. Popular musical artists and bands were often invited on the show to perform. The extremely popular Elvis Presley was invited to Milton Beryls show twice, and De Sullivan three times. These performances helped artists like Elvis explode on the charts. On Elvis second appearance on the show, he performed his hit song Hound Dog. While performing, he did a dancing in which he swung and gyrated his hips.The young teenage girls ate this up and went crazy. Many older adults were appalled by this, and it started a big controversy. All of the drama swirling around led to Elvis being filmed from only from his chest up on his third and final appearance on the show (Welch). These two performances were two of he most famous and still talked about moments on the very famous De Sullivan show. Not only were these types of moments great for the shows ratings, but they were also good for these musicians. Whether it was the teenagers loving it or the adults hating it, they were getting their music out there either way. School was one major source of stress to the teenagers. These are young adults that are capable of taking on the responsibilities of normal adults, but they are kept inside all day under the supervision of teachers. Teenagers would love to say and do what they want, but they are forced to be quiet and o homework. This seems like an eruption waiting to happen. When the movie Blackboard Jungle was released, it was an instant hit among the teenage crowd. The movie featured teenagers acting out in the classroom which let the audience fulfill their fantasy of rebelling in the classroom.They really connected with it and dreamt that they possibly someday could rebel like that. In the opening credits of the movie, the song, Rock Around the Clock by Bill Haley and The Comets, blasted its party-like sound (Hayden). The lyrics, Putout glad rags on and join me hon., / Well have some fun when the clock strikes one. Were goanna rock around the clock tonight clearly talked about partying, and that is what teenagers started to do. Teachers and parents alike felt that rock n roll music and partying had a negative effect on the teenagers education. A survey was conducted to test this theory.It showed that the average grade of an Elvis Presley fan was a C, and only one out of every ten tried to get the best grade that they could possible. On the other hand, fans of Pat Boone, a Christian and country singer, got an average grade of a B, and one out of every three tried to get the best possible grade. Needless to say, parents were starting to get worried, and they were also infuriated with the rock n roll industry. Parents were the other large provider of stress to teenagers. As stated above, teenagers were capable of adult responsibilities, but they were under the supervision of teachers at school.When they were not at school, a lot of times they were at home where they lived under the rules of their parents. They were looking for any opportunity to have fun and act out that they could. Take out the papers and the trash, / Or you dont get no spending cash; / If you dont scrub that kitchen floor, / You anti goanna rock n roll no ore. / Yakked yak, dont talk back .. (Yakked Yak by The Coasters). These lyrics are an example of how parents tried to control these teenagers, and it did not work. A boy named Ethan imitated his hero, Elvis Presley, in the mirror by doing his hair like him and singing and dancing.His father did not like these shenanigans, so his father had him get his hair buzzed off in hopes it would end it all. It did not take Ethan very long to realize that he did not need the hair to do his impression (Hayden). The majority of the parents at this time hated rock n roll with a passion. They felt that the music was too odd, sexual, and black (Welch). This shows how no matter how hard parents tried to stop their kids, the teenagers had their mind set on listening to this music and rebelling. These teenagers felt that they needed to act out and rebel in some way.A lot of the acting out that these teenagers did related to race in one way or another. At this point in history, there was still a lot of hostility between white and black people. This type of music was viewed as inappropriate, and a lot of times viewed as black music. It was tough to get your hands on a rock n roll record while this music Was still working on becoming mainstream media. Many of the white teenagers had to sneak over to the black part of town and buy it in one of the record stores without their parents knowing.It eventually became somewhat acceptable for white people to go and see black musicians like Chuck Berry perform, because it was like he was performing for you as your personal entertainer. At first there would be a specific white show, then there would be a black show, or vice versa. Eventually, they would combine the shows and put a rope down the middle segregating the crowd. At one specific show, a security guard remembers both of the crowds beginning to once, and then these teens knocked down the ropes and they all danced together (Hayden). This type of thing was unheard of. This blew up in the media and infuriated the rock n roll haters even more. Even though this upset many people, there was nothing that could derail this train. Rock n roll just kept expanding. As great as Evolve is, could argue that rock n roll is more enjoyable and has had a greater impact on our society as a whole. There were a lot of specific, yet different things that had to happen to make rock n roll erupt virtually overnight like it did. After reading this paper, hopefully you have developed a rater understanding of the technological advancements of the sasss, and the relationship teenagers had with the music.

How to Write the Best Compare and Contrast Essay

In your life as a student, you’re going to write different types of assignments. Each paper will have its own unique requirements and even writing styles. One of those that you will encounter is the comparison and contrasting essays. These types of essays are the best to write as they will not limit you when it comes to creativity. However, they do require you to research and analyze the ways how characters, ideas or two things are similar and different from one another. In short, what your professor or lecturer is asking you in these essays is to go beyond mere summary and instead engage in critical thinking to gain a deeper understanding of the subjects your comparing. You also need to understand how characters relate to each other and what makes them unique. Writing an essay about one subject is hard enough and takes time, but when it comes to two topics where do you even begin? No worries, we got you covered. Here is a detailed guideline on how to write a great compare and contrast essays that will give you academic excellence. What Is Compare and Contrast Essay? Definition and Writing Guide This essay is about expressing your thoughts on contradictive issues. The trick to writing this type of paper is to draw a parallel between two characters, issues or objects. Depending on the course, your professor might ask you to compare two theories, characters in a novel, scientific methods and even two historical eras. However, this academic paper is not just about listing differences and similarities. You also have to support your findings without bias using evidence. Step by Step Guide on How to Write Compare and Contrast Essay As a student, no matter which course you are undertaking, there is a high chance that your lecturer will ask you to write a comparison analysis paper. To write this assignment follow the below step by step guideline. Conduct research and come up with a good topic When reading the course material or when listening to your lecturer teach about that particular subject, you’re likely to come across a topic that fascinates you. Its best to choose a topic of interest as it will make it easier for you to write and make the whole process fun. From your topic choose two ideas or characters that you can easily compare and contrast — for example, generation X vs. generation Y. Brainstorm ideas Now that you know your topic, the next step is to brainstorm and come up with similarities and differences between the two objects. Create two lists: one with differences between the two subjects and another with similarities. You can even use a table or a Venn diagram. Create your main argument A compare and contrast paper is more than just listing similarities and differences. Instead, the differences and similarities should point you to the main argument. Reading the list and what it says about the topic will lead to the main argument. Write an outline Now that you know what you’re going to write about, the next step is to figure out how you’re going to express your points. Decide on a structure and create an outline which will include an introduction, followed by the body and conclusion. Remember, to help your reader keep track of what you’re saying use words like in comparison to, similar to, on the other hand, and on the contrary. How to Start a Compare and Contrast Essay That Will Impress Your Teacher Just from the start, a reader will decide whether your essay is worth their attention. The start of an essay should clearly set the tone and show the reader what you will compare and contrast. It should also give a brief review of the topic to help a reader better understand it and have an intriguing thesis statement. The most important start of a great essay is a hook. The hook sentence should give a hint of what the topic is about and what the reader should expect from the rest of the paragraphs. Remember, the sentence should be interesting and engaging. It can be an interesting fact, a bold claim, personal experience that the reader can relate to or a provoking question. The Professional Way on How to Structure a Compare and Contrast Essay Compare and contrast essay structure follows the standard format for all academic papers: it starts with an introduction, followed by the main body and finally the conclusion. However, a good compare and contrast essay will either have a point by point structure or block structure. Point by point structure With this structure, the writer will start by first giving the differences and similarities of one concept and do the same for the other concept. This structure is ideal for long essays as the differences and similarities between the two subjects are explained next to each other. It also keeps the assignment organized and gives room for the writer to cover more information. Block structure Block structure is ideal for shorter essays. In this structure, the writer will give all the information concerning one concept being compared and contrasted in the first half of the paper and present the concept about the other subject afterwards. For example, in the block structure, you will have an introduction, followed by the first half of the essay where you will give all the information about object A. You will then include a transition section, followed by the second half of the paper where you will address object B and lastly a concluding paragraph. The transition paragraph is what differentiates the first half and the second half of the paper and helps the reader to differentiate between the two concepts. Importance of Compare and Contrast Essay Introduction Paragraph Capture the attention of your readers in the first few sentences of the introduction, and they will be intrigued enough to read through the whole paper. An introduction is important because it establishes credibility and prepares the teacher for the paper content. The best way to use this paragraph is to highlight your knowledge of the topic by giving a preview of the main points and providing a structure on how the paper will flow. How to Write a Catchy Compare and Contrast Essay Conclusion While a conclusion is the last part of an essay and most students tend to put less effort into it, it’s worth investing time in. Just like your introduction, the conclusion has an influence on your readers experience as it helps you make a final last impression. The best way to write a contrast essay conclusion is to emphasize the thesis statement. Also, give a brief summary of the similarities and differences. Avoid repeating the same words you used in your paper. Instead, synthesize the information in a way that shows the reader how your main points, examples, and evidence you’ve given fit together. Don’t forget to propose a solution to an issue related to the paper or course of action. Additionally, avoid using words such as in conclusion, in closing or in summary as they are often overused in essays hence deemed unnecessary. Compare and Contrast Essay Example Comparative Analysis of â€Å"Allegory of the Cave† and â€Å"What Is Our Life?†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The objective of the paper is to discuss and to comparatively analyze two literary works namely the â€Å"Allegory of the Cave† written by Plato and â€Å"What is Our Life?† written by Sir Walter Ralegh.   The two literary works explore the meanings of life in different perspectives. The Allegory of the Cave by Plato is a philosophical expression of the meaning of life and the meaning of human existence in the world.   It can be summarized as a view on how human beings draw meanings of life from the different factors that can be perceived in the physical world.   There is a huge challenge presented by Plato in the said work that is to find the real meaning of life.   This can be attributed to the fact that people are often presented by situations that mask the truth in life.   For that matter, the facts that are perceived to be true are in reality just shadows on the wall of the cave.   The only reason why human beings are blinded from the true existence of things outside the cave is because every factor in the perceived reality are built in a consistent and interconnected manner that satisfy inquisitive nature (Plato 2-9). The work of Sir Walter Ralegh entitled What is Our Life? as the other literary work also explored the question regarding life.   Ralegh was a descriptive representation of life in metaphor.   Every concise line described a distinct aspect in the life of human beings.   In the said literary work, life is compared to a play on stage with the different factors equivalent to the different issues in life such as the music, the venue, the costume, the spectators, and the interaction of the different actors (Ralegh). There are similarities and differences between the two literary works.   In terms of the structure, the Allegory of the Cave is a prose of free form while the work of Ralegh is structured and measured.   In terms of length, the two works also differs.   Plato’s work is comparatively longer and more explorative in terms of the different meanings of the concepts of the cave presented.   On the other hand, Ralegh’s work is more concise and is shorter.   In terms of the meaning, it might be a common notion that Ralegh’s work would be vaguer and would need deeper understanding but Plato’s work regardless of the long exploration and discussion included in the work can be considered to have a faire share of vagueness and mystery based on the issue presented. Another important similarity of the two literary works is the element of interest that can be invoked to the readers due to the fact that both needed critical thinking and in depth analysis to be ab le to be understood and even to explore the concept regarding life that had been presented. The two works, the â€Å"Allegory of the Cave† by Plato and â€Å"What is Our Life?† by Sir Walter Ralegh can then be considered as two literary works worthy of study and understanding due to the important perspectives presented regarding the meanings of life in different perspectives. Works Cited: Plato.   Allegory of the Cave.   Class Notes, p.2-9. Ralegh, Walter.   What Is Our Life?.   Class Notes. Want to save time? If you’re stuck writing a comparison and contrast essay or any type of paper, then don’t hesitate to use our college paper service. Call us now, and we will help you submit the best paper that will guarantee you a good grade.

Free Essays on Living With Anorexia Nervosa

Living with Anorexia Nervosa In American society women are given the message starting from a very young age that in order to be successful and happy, they must be thin. Eating disorders are on the rise; it is not surprising given the value which society places on being thin. Generally in Western cultures â€Å"thin is beautiful†. Television, newspapers and magazines are full of pictures of slim, attractive young men and women. When looking in a popular magazine I came across an article about models in the nineties compared to today. The difference was drastic; they were actually ten to fifteen pounds slimmer. In the opinion of the writers as well as mine, the models actually looked healthier and better when they were heavier. This example shows that even over the past ten years there has been a vast difference in the appearance of body image. TV and magazines push miracle diets and exercise plans to enable us to mold our bodies to the look of these artificial, idealized figures, to conform to the shape the media tell us we should be. As a result, almost everybody diets at some time or other. It is easy to see how this social pressure might cause some young women to diet excessively, and eventually to develop Anorexia. The person with Anorexia actually â€Å"believes they are doing what many others in our society are doing-dieting† (Sherman & Thompson, 4). Thinness is also demanded in sports. This leads to â€Å"eating disorders being more of a problem for some athletes than for the general population† (Sherman & Thompson, 21). Many athletes are asked to lose weight to perform better. Track athletes are known to lose weight so they can run quicker to get better times for their race. What they do not realize is when you lose a lot of weight your body becomes unhealthy. Malnutrition leads to fatigue and poorer performance, which cancels out the weight loss factor (Bruch, 6). A factor of Anorexia Nervosa is excessive exercise.... Free Essays on Living With Anorexia Nervosa Free Essays on Living With Anorexia Nervosa Living with Anorexia Nervosa In American society women are given the message starting from a very young age that in order to be successful and happy, they must be thin. Eating disorders are on the rise; it is not surprising given the value which society places on being thin. Generally in Western cultures â€Å"thin is beautiful†. Television, newspapers and magazines are full of pictures of slim, attractive young men and women. When looking in a popular magazine I came across an article about models in the nineties compared to today. The difference was drastic; they were actually ten to fifteen pounds slimmer. In the opinion of the writers as well as mine, the models actually looked healthier and better when they were heavier. This example shows that even over the past ten years there has been a vast difference in the appearance of body image. TV and magazines push miracle diets and exercise plans to enable us to mold our bodies to the look of these artificial, idealized figures, to conform to the shape the media tell us we should be. As a result, almost everybody diets at some time or other. It is easy to see how this social pressure might cause some young women to diet excessively, and eventually to develop Anorexia. The person with Anorexia actually â€Å"believes they are doing what many others in our society are doing-dieting† (Sherman & Thompson, 4). Thinness is also demanded in sports. This leads to â€Å"eating disorders being more of a problem for some athletes than for the general population† (Sherman & Thompson, 21). Many athletes are asked to lose weight to perform better. Track athletes are known to lose weight so they can run quicker to get better times for their race. What they do not realize is when you lose a lot of weight your body becomes unhealthy. Malnutrition leads to fatigue and poorer performance, which cancels out the weight loss factor (Bruch, 6). A factor of Anorexia Nervosa is excessive exercise....

What is a key fact from the chapter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

What is a key fact from the chapter - Essay Example The Bill dictated that slavery would not be allowed on new territories acquired from Mexico but could only be allowed in territories that already supported slavery. The Southerners took a hard line and refused to compromise despite the fact that the Northerners had already compromised (150-151). President Taylor’s plan to admit New Mexico and California immediately into the Union after discovery of Gold Mines in the region were futile because each side, the North and the South, were suspicious of each other (152). Lewis Cass’s support for â€Å"popular sovereignty† lost him popularity with the Democrats and he subsequently lost the elections (152). An attempt to bring both sides to compromise and arrive at an agreement proved futile when the Omnibus Bill failed as a package but passed when the provisions were presented separately (154). Any leader who supported either side exclusively lost elections as is evident in William H. Seward’s bid in 1858 (165). D uring the war the prejudices and malice in the Union States were evident after President Lincoln was accused of war crimes and his wife accused of being a spy (169). Eventually, the Northern States won and one would have expected the North to engage in revenge. However, the situation was rescued by the nationalism and prudence of President Lincoln for he preached unity instead of revenge (177). Although, the Union States won the war it is evident that both sides had arguments that were not completely objective with sections filled with malice, prejudice and hatred. These vices are the ones that threatened to divide the country were it not for President’s Lincoln’s sincere sentiments of American unity. In essence, the key fact is that the war could have been avoided if both sides had employed practicality and agreed to

Industrial Engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Industrial Engineering - Essay Example ess and present its advantages and disadvantages d) make a comparison between the casting and powder metallurgy processes 2- Manufacturing Steps 2-1 Raw Materials 2-1-1 Raw materials definition Raw materials are used in industries as a starting material or reactant to establish products. According to Oxford dictionary, a raw material is â€Å"the basic material from which a product is made†. These materials are often natural resources such as oil, iron and wood but some time it may also be synthetic resources well. 2-1-2 Types of raw materials There are various types of raw material among them five different main types of raw material are following A. Fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, gasoline, etc) B. Precious metals (gold, silver, etc) C. Industrial metals (copper, iron, etc) D. Agricultural products (wheat, coffee, cotton, etc) E. Animal husbandry (pork bellies, cattle, etc) 2-1-3 How it can be used The properties of raw materials can vary greatly and it depend upon the avail ability (season and storage) of raw material. Todd et al (1994, Pp. 36-42) claims that various raw materials can be similar to each other in their correlation, and differ in the inflation rate depend upon the demand and availability. The investors probably oil and gold are among the most sought after raw materials. To bring a little light into the darkness, we want to give below an overview of the various types of raw materials. We know that to make a company more profitable is to increase the sales price, but to manage cost efficiently, which ultimately depend the final value of the product. In addition, Degarmo et al (2003: Pp. 123-132) argue that the cost and quality of the final product depends largely on raw material. Raw material are a part of the most important aspects of a company and the... The properties of raw materials can vary greatly and it depend upon the availability (season and storage) of raw material. Todd et al claims that various raw materials can be similar to each other in their correlation, and differ in the inflation rate depend upon the demand and availability. The investors probably oil and gold are among the most sought after raw materials. To bring a little light into the darkness, we want to give below an overview of the various types of raw materials. We know that to make a company more profitable is to increase the sales price, but to manage cost efficiently, which ultimately depend the final value of the product. In addition, Degarmo et al argue that the cost and quality of the final product depends largely on raw material. Raw material are a part of the most important aspects of a company and the their cost. So the way forward is to be more efficient in managing costs.

3. Describe the traditional definitions of health and illness of the Essay

3. Describe the traditional definitions of health and illness of the White populations - Essay Example This often tends to put the patients in need of immediate medical assistance, at a higher health risk. Furthermore, even though affordable health care providers are indeed located and identified, seeking self-referral for acute illnesses is another major problem. Most of the practitioners do not attend to patients on a self-referral in terms of securing an appointment with them, but instead are required to get one from ones family physician or alternatively seek initial assistance from some other general practitioner till a referral is received. This leads to wastage of time as well as money, which is both highly unacceptable setbacks in case of emergency medical care. The above mentioned hassles may not be bothersome to the economically well off individuals, however in case of an average citizen or a commoner, such setbacks play a huge role in influencing their decision and restricting their access to cheaper, better and effective health care. It has been observed on various occasions that assessing the exact type of illness suffered can be tricky. The situation is much worse in case of an ordinary citizen who has very little or absolutely no knowledge regarding medicine or health care. In such a situation, comprehending the actions of the physicians or nurses, or the tests carried out on them, especially during complex physical examinations becomes all the more difficult. Most of the time the patients have no knowledge or information regarding the tests carried out on them, their significance, or outcome, and even if they ask for a detailed explanation, they are often provided with an answer which includes complex medical jargon, which is practically incomprehensible to the ordinary individual. This may put the patients under tremendous pressure, and lead to awkwardness and unease among them. The health care practitioners must be trained to deal with such situations and communicate with them in a better and comprehensibl e manner, in order to save them

Industrial Separation of a Mixture: Fractional Distillation

Industrial Separation of a Mixture: Fractional Distillation What sphere is the mixture found in? Crude oil also known as petroleum is an unrefined oil extracted manly to produce petrol, paraffin and diesel oil. The oil is comprised of hydrocarbons, a number of organic compounds and small pieces of metal. The formation of this liquid dates back to millions of years ago from ancient marine life. This substance is located in the lithosphere inside rocks well stuck into the ground. To combat this, mining companies use the normal extraction of drilling to crack open the rocks and withdrawal the oil. Petroleum has had a significant contribution towards the world as it powers all transport vehicles, chemicals, plastics, heat and electricity. Identify physical property used during separation One of the physical properties used when petroleum is being fractionally distilled remains heating to its boiling point. This method is used in order to extract oil from the rest of mixture and make into a pure substance. This is very important due to that fact that the substance must be pure in order to sell or work as petrol or diesel. If these requirements are not met the oil will not work properly and quality will suffer. Description of Process Since petroleum is a mixture there is a numerous ways to separate it such as physical or mechanically but the most common method used throughout the world is the process of fractional distillation. This method is mainly used in most companies because different substances in the mixture have different boiling points and allows it to condense, re-evaporate then condense that permits the separation of the oil from the mixture to become easier. Here is how the oil is separated using fractional distillation: The petroleum mixture is containing different boiling points is heated to a high temperature as it has more than two substances present in it.   Then heat is normally about 400-600 degrees Celsius. This makes the mixture boil and become a vapour Following this, the vapour travels down towards the bottom of the fractional distillation column that is filled with a number of trays or plates. Next, the vapour rises where the column contains various different height sections where its boiling point is similar to the sections that are heated up from hottest (350 degrees) to lowest (30 degrees) starting from the bottom in order to produce different products. Products include jet fuel, gasoline, diesel oil, residue, refinery gas and bottled gas. After that, the trays collect the numerous liquid fractions from each section. Finally, the trays pass through condensers which cool them down and then procced into storage tanks or a used in extended chemical processing. Products of the Separation and their uses The fractional distillation of petroleum has produced several products that have a significant impact towards the modern world.   These products include gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, heavy fuel oil, residue containing bitumen and many more. Gasoline is one of the most important   substances used in in   cars   as it contains flammable liquid hydrocarbons that react with   internal combustion engines to cause a spark that causes a mini explosion. Moreover, the fuel burns immediately and powers the vehicles crankshaft. Residue containing   Bitumen is also important substance as it plays a significant role in the construction of roads. The product is mainly used in roads as the glue or binder mixed with combined particles to create asphalt concrete. Furthermore, the oils main other uses include waterproofing products, including sealing flat roofs and the production of roof felts. The following table expands this more. Products of crude oil % of Crude oil   present Uses Refinery Gas   (350 degrees) 40-50 Roads construction Roofing Waste Management Issues: There are two issues present in cleaning up petroleum. Toxicity The toxicity of the substance is very dangerous to almost all living things. The cleaning up of crude oil tends to be great issue cause of the toxicity and so the cleaners must be very careful to not be exposed or contaminate other living things. They also have to be fast with the clean up because it can dig and leech onto underground water system that links to human residential areas and pose a serious threat onto local communities. Thickness The cleaning up of crude oil also tends to be a great issue because its thick and heavy and so it takes the cleaners many days to clean it insuring that its hasnt contaminated anything else. This is because of the temperature the oil was heated during the process in order to work properly. Therefore, to a high extent the issue of toxicity and the oils thickness is a major issue during its clean up. The Impact of the separation process on Chemistry The fractional distillation of crude oil has progressively changed over the past century. This is mainly due to the advancement of technology and knowledge through the oil refining industry. Most of the oil companies used vacuum distillation to refine crude oil whereby the pressure above the liquid mixture is distilled and reduced to less than its vapour pressure causing evaporation of the oil with the lowest boiling points. However, as the mixture contained different substances that all have different boiling points this made the oil much harder to refine. Moreover, this method was then replaced by fractional distillation as it made it much easier to refine due it being able to separate a mixture with different boiling points better. Fractional distillation has had a high impact towards other fields in chemistry where its used in petrochemical, chemical plants, natural gas processing and cryogenic air separation plants. This process has allowed scientists to produce products in mode rn society and help understand more about the natural world. Evaluate one of your sources One of my sources was published by the BBC but does not present an author in the article (http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqapre2011/rocks/fuelsrev3.shtml). This company is British commercial company known its for news, documentaries and education articles. The company was formed back in 1922 by British and American electrician companies and is known to be one of the most famous companies in the world. Articles presented on their website nearly always right and used by some schools for education purposes. To make this article more academic BBC should have identified the author to inform the validity of the source. Bibliography Reference Bbc.co.uk. (2011). BBC GCSE Bitesize: Fractional distillation. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/rocks/fuelsrev3.shtml [Accessed 27 Mar. 2017]. Freudenrich, C. (2001). How Oil Refining Works. [online] HowStuffWorks. Available at: http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/oil-refining4.htm [Accessed 26 Mar. 2017]. OilPrice.com. (2009). What is Crude Oil? A Detailed Explanation on this Essential Fossil Fuel | OilPrice.com. [online] Available at: http://oilprice.com/Energy/Crude-Oil/What-Is-Crude-Oil-A-Detailed-Explanation-On-This-Essential-Fossil-Fuel.html [Accessed 26 Mar. 2017]. Pollutionissues.com.(Petroleum water, effects, environmental, disasters, pollutants, United States, history, causes, impact, EPA, soil, chemicals, industrial, liquid, wells, toxic, world, human, power. [online] Available at: http://www.pollutionissues.com/Na-Ph/Petroleum.html [Accessed 27 Mar. 2017].

Social Capital in the Developing World Essay -- International Developm

The globalized world today is getting very advanced in all areas and so has become very competitive. This then accommodates the use of a comparative approach in society. Comparative, an activity derived from the word comparison meaning to compare, it is defined as a research which uses data that are compared between at least two countries (Ragin, 1987). This comparative study is a very important phenomenon in the field of social science and commenced in the1960s and 1970s. It is used as an essential form of an investigating tool in analyzing the operations between different countries with a view to formulate solutions for under- developed countries and to give details of the development of social structuring in the framing of public policies (Ghorra-Gobin, discussion paper No. 40). In order to do a comparative analysis/study, a case study is usually done between two countries. The objective is to foster a better understanding of how and why certain scenarios occur in one country and how it relates to the same scenario in the other country. One such example is the political stability in Guyana (an undeveloped country) with a ranking of 26 % compared to the political stability in the United Kingdom (a developed country) with a ranking of 66% (worldwide governance indicators). A qualitative and quantitative format is utilized in order to assess systems within government and its political affiliates. Charles Ragin states that this comparative method can be used as a means of experience in using data from one country to another in order to improve stability. The main objective of the comparative approach method is mainly to improve efficiency, effectiveness, growth and development in under-developed countries and a... ...edge Publishers. New York, USA. ARTICLES Boyne, I., (2009). Gleaner Article: Jamaica's losing battle with corruption. Fukuyama, F., (2000). Social capital and civil society. Issues 2000-2074. IMF Institute. IMF Working Paper Ghorra-Gobin, C. The Comparative Social Science Approach. Discussion Paper No. 40. www.unesco.org/shs/most Gregory, R.J., (1999). Social Capital Theory and Administrative Reform: Maintaining Ethical Probity in Public Service. Vol. 59, No. 1 (Jan. - Feb., 1999), pp. 63-75. Blackwell Publishing. Public Administration Review. Powell, L. A. (2009). Probing Jamaica’s Political Culture: Main trends in the July-August 2006 Leadership and Governance. Department of Government, UWI, Mona, Kingston WEBSITES Worldwide Governance Indicators. www. info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.asp . Retrieved September 20, 2010.

I Survived the Sinking of the Titanic

I SURVIVED the sinking of The Titanic, 1912 April fourteenth at seven fifteen a. m. in a first class suite on B Deck. We meet George and his eight-year-old sister Phoebe. They are returning to America after visiting London and the surrounding area with their Aunt Daisy. George is always getting in trouble and is very curious. He’s been all over the ship even to areas where he is not supposed to go. He’s made friends in steerage and exasperated his aunt and his sister and a number of the other first class passengers.His behavior had previously been causing problems between him and his father. Since George and Phoebe’s mother died a few years ago the family just hasn’t been the same. This trip was a time for George and his father to get some distance and calm down. George also describes many characters such as his aunt, sister, and other people that he meets aboard. He meets some people that become that become famous from the sinking. On the night of April f ourteenth snuck out of bed and went in to the cargo hold to find the mummy rumored to be cursed and also rumored to be on board.When he got into the cargo hold a huge bang and shutter rocked the whole ship and within a second he was completely surround by water. He returned to his room only to be awoken by one of his maids, him and his aunt were instructed to â€Å"dress warmly and put your life belts on†. When they were up and ready to go to the life boats they realized that Phoebe was gone. He soon realized that phoebe must have followed him to the cargo hold and did not see or know how to leave. He soon discovered that phoebe left lemon drops where ever she went to find her way back.When he was looking he ran in to Enzo and Marco that he met before on the ship. Enzo was screaming â€Å"phoebes†, she herd and came running to them. Lucky for George, he had met the architect of the Titanic the night before. The architect showed George all the secret passages. So, Marco , Enzo, Phoebe, Aunt Daisy and George were able to get back up to the First Class Deck. Just as they were about to get on 1 of only 16 life boats, the sailors wouldn't let Marco or George get on the boat. Enzo got on with Phoebe and Aunt Daisy.Marco decided to them jump into the freezing water. Marco helped George get onto a floating piece of furniture to survive the cold water. But, part of Marco was still in the water. Marco was starting to fade away because the water was so cold. George said the water felt like needles were stabbing him. Luckily, there was a life boat coming by and George was able to get on the boat. He lifted Marco into the boat because he was slowly dying. After a couple of hours, a big ship called the Carpathia came by and George and Marco were rescued.On the Carpathia, George and Marco were able to find Phoebe, Aunt Daisy and Enzo. They were all so happy. The whole family made it back to New York and George & Phoebe were met by their Papa. Aunt Daisy stayed i n New York with Marco to take care of Enzo while Marco was in the hospital from being in the freezing water too long. George and his Papa became friends again. George also was able to finally accept that his mother was never coming back. She died before their trip and this is why George was always into trouble. In the end things turned out to be good for his family and his friends.

The period of a pendulum Essays

The period of a pendulum Essays The period of a pendulum Paper The period of a pendulum Paper In this investigation, I will be looking at which factors affect the period (The time for one complete cycle, a left swing and a right swing) of a pendulum (a weight that dangles from a pivot so that it can swing freely). I will do this by tying a metal bob to a length of spring and dropping it from a certain height and measuring the time it takes to complete an oscillation, changing a variable for each of my preliminary investigations. Independent Variable Dependent Variable Control Variables Length of String (continuous) Period of the pendulum (continuous) Diameter of Bob Type of Bob Angle bob dropped from Person stopping stopwatch Person dropping bob Height Bob is dropped from Preliminary Investigations Preliminary One: Length of Strong Results Table Time of Period (seconds) Length of String Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Ranges Averages (mean) 10cm   68 According to my graph, there is a positive correlation between the period of a pendulum and the length of string, meaning that as the length of the string increases, the period increases as well. The gradient of this graph is 0.9879. This would be ideal for my main investigation as there is a noticeable relationship between the length of string and period. Preliminary Two: Angle Metal Bob is dropped from Independent Variable Dependent Variable Control Variables Angle from which the bob is dropped from(continuous) Period of the pendulum (continuous) Diameter of Bob Type of Bob Same person dropping bob Same person stopping stopwatch Height bob is dropped from Results Table Time of Period (seconds) Angle Bob is dropped from Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Ranges Averages (mean) 90i This graph clearly shows a negative correlation between the period of a pendulum and the angle from which the bob was dropped. This shows that as the angle decreases, the time it takes to complete one full oscillation increases. The gradient of this graph is 0. 8847. Although this can be considered for my main investigation, the gradient of this graph is shallower than the gradient of the first preliminary, meaning that my first preliminary is likely to give me more noticeable results than this preliminary. Preliminary Three: Diameter of Bob Independent Variable Dependent Variable Control Variables Diameter of Bob (continuous) Period of the Pendulum (continuous) Type of Bob Length of string Angle bob is dropped from Same person dropping bob Same person stopping stopwatch Height bob is dropped from Results Table Time of Period (seconds) Diameter of Bob Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Ranges Averages (mean) 13mm. 27 This graph also shows a positive correlation between variable and the period of the pendulum, meaning that as the diameter is increased, the time it takes the pendulum to complete one oscillation also increases. The gradient of the line of best fit on this graph is 1. This preliminary has yielded results that has a steeper gradient than my first preliminary, which means this is also ideal for my main investigation. Preliminary Four: Type of Bob Independent Variable Dependent Variable Control Variables Type of Bob (discontinuous). Period of the pendulum (continuous) Diameter of Bob Length of string Angle bob is dropped from Same person dropping bob Same person stopping the stopwatch Height Bob is dropped from Results Table Time of Period (seconds) Type of Bob Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Ranges Averages (mean) Iron 21 According to this graph, there is a positive correlation between the type of bob used and period. The gradient of this graph is 0. 9143. This gradient falls behind the Length of String and Diameter of Bob gradients, so its unlikely that I will use this for my main investigation, also, in terms of practicality, there wasnt a large variety of materials to choose from. Main Investigation: Length of String I decided to choose Length of String for my investigation, because, my results for that preliminary had the one of most noticeable relationships between the independent and the dependent variable as well as the fact that there were no outliers. I didnt choose Type of Bob, because Type of Bob is an example of a discrete independent variable, in that it doesnt have a numerical value that can be plotted on a graph. As well as this, even though there does appear to be a relationship between Type of Bob and the period, there was another independent variable which was changed, which was the mass of each bob. Although Diameter of Bob was also ideal to be tested in my main investigation, it lost out to Length of String simply because there was not a wide enough range of metal bobs that were made of the same material but had different diameter. So, although I predict it wouldve yielded noticeable results, Length of String is more practical to do, as well as the fact that the length of the string is easy to manipulate. Independent Variable Dependent Variable Control Variables Length of String (continuous) Period of the pendulum (continuous) Diameter of Bob Type of Bob Angle bob dropped from Person stopping stopwatch Person dropping bob Height Bob is dropped from Equipment Why Measure of Accuracy Nine different lengths of string To tie metal bob to and investigate Nearest centimetre Centimetres: Millimetres Clamp Stand To hold the pivot and the pendulum N/A. Metre stick To accurately measure out the correct lengths for the pieces of string Nearest millimetre Centimetres: Millimetres Scissors To cut the string as precisely as possible N/A Protractor To measure the angle from which the bob is to be dropped from Nearest degreei 19mm Iron bob The pendulum to swing from the pivot N/A Digital Stopwatch To accurately measure the amount of time the plant tissue soaks in the solutions for Hours:Minutes:Seconds:Milliseconds Method 1. Collect all required equipment. 2. Measure out each length of string to be used in the investigation, leaving an 8cm excess to allow for knot tying. 3. Tie bob to length of string to be tested securely 4. Set up clamp stand on the edge of the table to allow room for the pendulum 5. The person in charge of dropping the bob holds it up taut so that the bob is parallel to the clamp stand, or the length of string is perpendicular to the clamp stand and checks that the angle is 90i with the protractor. 6. Person in charge of the stopwatch signals when to drop the bob and measures the period with the stopwatch 7. Third person records results in a table 8. Retrial each length five times so as to that the results are as accurate as possible. Time of Period (seconds) Length of String Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial 5 Ranges Averages (mean) PE 10cm 01. 90 Results Pendulum Equation (PE): Time of Period=2? Interpretation: On the graph, there is positive correlation, according to my line of best fit. It appears as though the longer the string, the more time it takes for the bob to complete its oscillation. This can be explained because when the bob swings, it swings from a high position to its lowest position (the midpoint of the swing, also where the bob will come to rest when it reaches dynamic equilibrium). The change in height is caused by Earths gravitational acceleration or the change in velocity over time caused by gravity acting on the bob. If the length of the string is longer, the distance to swing from the highest point to lowest will be greater (as the distance travelled is the length of an arc, we can calculate the length of the arc using the equation 2? r x ? /360, where ? is the angle from which the bob was dropped from), therefore it would take a longer amount of time to fall to lowest point of the swing. Of course, gravity isnt the only factor that affects the period, other forces such as air resistance and friction help to eventually slow down the bob, and the mass of the string, although slight, affects the force needed to swing the pendulum back and forth. Evaluation The main investigation went well, however there are many areas which could be improved in order to get more accurate results. For example, the method wasnt very reliable because quite a few aspects of the investigation had to be carried out by humans, as well as the fact that the results which were recorded down were up to the judgement of the person who controlled the stopwatch when the bob completed its oscillation. This means that some of the results could be off by a few milliseconds or even seconds. Despite this, my group did try to keep the results as reliable as possible by making sure the same person was used to control the stopwatch and drop the bob, so that the factor of different peoples reaction times were limited. I could improve my experiment by:   Using a computer and a laser to release and measure the bob, for instance, if at its starting the point, the bob was intercepting a laser/beam of light, so that when it was dropped, the computer could measure the time it takes for the bob to re-intercept the beam again, i. e. complete its oscillation completely. Using a lighter sturdier form for the pendulum shaft instead of string, as the string had a tendency to bend throughout the oscillation, which couldve affected the results   Have a release that was positioned parallel to the clamp stand so that the angle from which the bob was dropped from each time was the same * Having a way to hook the pendulum length/string to the clamp and the bob without having to tie knots so the length of the string that would swing was more accurate Other than that, I believe my equipment was as accurate as I needed them to be, so I wouldnt change any of the equipment I was using to carry out the experiment. I think that my results are reliable because the range bars are all relatively small on my graph, however in comparison to the Pendulum Equation; the results are too big and are in turn not scientifically accurate. Ive calculated the average difference between my Averages and the Pendulum Equation line and have found it to be up to 0. 4 of a second in difference. In conclusion, I believe that the length of string does affect the period of a pendulum, despite the inaccuracy of my results as my investigation proved that this factor still theoretically affects it.

Transitional Services and Programs The WritePass Journal

Transitional Services and Programs Conclusion Transitional Services and Programs AbstractTransitional Services and ProgramsConclusionReferencesRelated Abstract Students in this country today face many challenges.   Those with learning or physical differences face the additional challenges of equal access to an education as well as to facilities.   In addition, many will require transition services to help them adapt to society after completing their high school experience.   Some students with disabilities are diagnosed early in life, while others may go undiagnosed for many years.   An observant parent or doctor may pick up on it early on, but it is often a teacher or mentor who picks up on it later in life.   When intervention starts early, programs can be designed to provide the student with the necessary services, training, and accommodations to be productive citizens.   These services are put in place for the length of the student’s school â€Å"career,† and, in some instances, can provide life-long support.   They are referred to as transitional services and are granted to classified students under the Indi viduals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA 04).   They can be put in place at any time over the course of a student’s life, but when they begin at the pre-school or elementary level, intervention services can have the greatest long-term benefit for the student.   A second transition occurs at the high school level.   It is designed to carry the student through the age of twenty-one and then to follow him or her through life, as warranted.   Individual school districts are required to have a Committee on Special Education that is convened on a regular basis to address the needs of those students requiring services.   Stakeholders include: counselors, educators, administrations, parents, community members, and students, who regularly meet to discuss the goals for the student and the programs and accommodations that will provide them with the tools they need to be successful. Transitional Services and Programs   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For students who traditionally receive special education services, the path to the â€Å"American Dream† is often riddled with frustration and disappointment.   Physical limitations can keep a student from entering their workplace, and once inside the building, accommodations must be in place to allow the worker the ability to move about freely in case of an emergency.   This can include the installation of elevators, handicap accessible restrooms, telephones, etc.   Federal legislation through the Americans with Disabilities Act provides training, and legal assistance for ensuring that their needs will be addressed (US ADA).   The U.S. Department of Education provides training projects, conducts research into appropriate programs, and models best practices for students, in order to provide them with the necessary tools to be successful and productive adults (Will, 1984).   Once a student is identified as having a learning or physical disability (this usually occurs in pre-school or elementary school), they are provided with a series of educational services that are designed to start by the age of fourteen and follow them through to age twenty one (Benz).   These are called transitional planning services, as they provide the necessary support for students to further their education, improve the life experience and expectancy for these students, and help them find a useful place in society. Transition planning is designed to lower the possibility that a special needs student will leave high school before graduation, and to encourage them to pursue a higher education so that they can ultimately obtain a better paying job, and develop the skills necessary to find and maintain steady employment (IRIS).   Students with Individual Education Plans (IEP) have been identified, tested, and had plans put in place for their current and future education needs.   It is important to remember that these needs are reviewed at the beginning and end of each school year to chart progress and decide if program modifications are needed and how they will be implemented.   When a classified student reaches the age of fourteen, a transition plan is put into place that provides a series of long- and short-term goals for the student.   Short-term goals can include scheduling or programs to ensure that the student will ultimately graduate, or long-term goals that can include strategies fo r independent living and college or vocational preparation.   The purpose for beginning the transition process between middle and high school is to allow the time necessary to teach skills that will enable the student to lead a healthy, productive life.   Consistent membership on the Committee for Special Education is important, as steady members know the entire history of the student, and do not need to spend time bringing temporary members up to speed.   As a student makes the move middle school to high school, for example, the membership will change because of the move to a new building.   In the Hyde Park School District, that first meeting is held with both committees present. Students are often identified as being in need of transitional services when they enter pre-school.   Stakeholders will identify those students they feel are in need of interventions and will work to complete the process of classification.   Some may come into the system with IEPs in place from other schools, or they may be recommended for services based on a physician’s diagnosis or a teacher’s observation.   The Committee on Special Education then meets to discuss any further testing that will need to be conducted and sets a series of goals for each student.   This process will include a listing of programs and accommodations along with the necessary tools to ensure that the student will be successful after they reach the age of majority. Once it is determined that a student will require transition services, a meeting is held with all the stakeholders to discuss student performance to date, required testing and its results, and then put in place a set of accom modations, goals and timelines for meeting those goals.   Members of the Committee on Special Education include; school officials (an administrator and special education coordinator), classroom and special education teachers, support personnel (Guidance Counselor, psychologist, occupational therapist, speech pathologist, etc.), a member from the public, family members and the student.   Each member of the committee serves a specific purpose and is tasked with offering; observation skills, legal background information, assessment and data collection, and services provided by outside agencies. Transition planning is a team approach (Sitlington).   It begins first with the student, and his or her future goals.   During an initial interview questioning can include where the student wants to live and how, and what they want to do for a living.   Family members are also active participants in this process, as they very often can provide insight into the student that the regular or special education teacher could not.   They may observe, for example, that the student likes to build things out of wood, is a good cook at home, or is involved in their church, a specific community group or that they like being outdoors.   They can also provide economic (family income, whether there is medical or dental insurance, and the number of family members occupying the residence) and cultural (ethnic background, immigrant status, and the language proficiency of family members living in the same house) information about the student that would be helpful to the process.   Even the cafeteria staff can be involved in this process, as they will often offer insights as to food choices in the lunch line and whether the student receives free of reduced lunch and breakfast through Title I funding.   Both the student and family must feel that the professionals on the team are respectful and that they are being treated with dignity. Before the meeting, the Case Manager will send all the staff notice that a meeting will occur and ask them for comment.   School-based professionals can discuss the testing results and put them in terms easily understood by the family (a community member who acts as an advocate on the committee would be a plus for family members with limited English language skills or those with diminished mental capacities.)   If the services of a translator are required, the Committee will provide one.   In Hyde Park, we often depend on the local hospital for translators in languages other than Spanish of French.   This is a service they offer us free of charge as a community outreach.   While the special educator is responsible for conducting testing, such as the Gates MacGinitie or Woodcock Johnson, the psychologist will conduct cognitive tests, such as the WISC or WRAT.   Both of these provide numerical scores that can be converted to grade equivalents for discussion purposes.   This information can then be combined with the anecdotal notes from the student and family interview to create a complete student profile.   The regular education teachers will introduce the differentiation strategies used in their particular classroom, the core curriculum for their content area, classroom expectations and how they will impact student learning.   Many will offer organizational strategies they have found to be valuable to other students with similar learning or physical differences.   The special education coordinator facilitates the meeting and pulls all of the information together, along with the results of any voc ational inventories to provide the student with a complete transition plan. The guidance counselor very often acts as the student advocate at these meetings.   They have had many personal conversations with the students and know what their scheduling needs are.   Many schools use the guidance department as the source for formal vocational assessment.   This showcases a student’s skills set, areas of interest, and where assistance will be required.   â€Å"Standardized testing includes the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) test, the Self-Directed Search (SDS), the Strong Interest Inventory, the Occupational Aptitude Survey and Interest Assessment, second edition (OASIS II), vocational aptitudes and inventories (assessment tools that include the Differential Aptitude Test (DAT), and college entrance exams† (Levinson Ohler).   Informal assessments are designed to gather information from non-standard sources such as teacher anecdotal notes, classroom observations, examples of student work, and medical records.   Withou t these tests, it is difficult to identify what accommodations and modifications should be attached to the plan.   It should be noted that students with disabilities are more likely to experience unemployment, lower pay, and job dissatisfaction (Dunn).   Many will drop out early, making their ability to maintain employment more difficult.   Guidance Counselors can use the vocational inventories to help the student better understand their capabilities and work with them in finding an appropriate job placement.   In addition, they help the Committee to validate the formal test data.   The counselor will also research post-graduation opportunities for the student.   This may include trade school, community college, the military, or the workforce.   They communicate with these groups and are aware of the services available to the special needs student.   Many maintain databases of local employers looking for students with specific disabilities for their companies.   Th e counselor also coordinates with outside agencies to line up school-to-work programs, ensure that the student is on-track to graduate, and that all of the State Board of Regents requirements for graduation will be met. Each member of this committee is responsible for contributing to the IEP plan and putting one in place that best meets the needs of the student.   After the IEP has been finalized, the work begins.   The Case Manager meets with the student to discuss the plan and establish a series of small, personal, easy to achieve goals for the student, based on those in the IEP.   Teaching organizational skills, showing the student how to safely and quickly get from place to place within the new building and acting as a consultant to the classroom teacher allows the Case Manager to build a bridge with the content specialist.   This can include explaining or providing IEP accommodations, helping the classroom teacher to modify assignments, or provide information about goal setting and progress in the classroom.  Ã‚   Perhaps the most important role of the Case Manager is to help the student learn self-advocacy (Levinson   Palmer).   The student will need to communication their needs to a teacher or employer in the future and must learn to do so respectfully and authoritatively. The Guidance counselor is responsible for making sure that the school-to-work program is in place.   He or she acts as a go between for the federal, state, and local services that will be set in place for the student.   In Dutchess County, New York, it is DC BOCES that coordinates these services between the member school districts and the support agencies.  Ã‚   He or she first considers the results of the formal and informal testing that was conducted and coordinates the educational plan that includes: the type and number of classes, support services designed to ensure student success, employment and strategies for independent living, and learning the skills necessary to cook, clean, balance a checkbook, fill out a job application, and rent an apartment. In addition to the Guidance Counselor, other school personnel can help meet the special needs of the student and help him or her prepare for their future.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dunn (1996) considers that there are â€Å"three goals for students: to gain an understanding of themselves and their abilities, interests, and values; gain an understanding of the world of work; and acquire effective decision-making skills.   Each of these areas is important to the students ability to make realistic and informed decisions about work, and school-based activities.†Ã‚   Administrators ensure that staff members attend and provide input at transition planning meetings by arranging for classroom coverage.   Teachers provide anecdotal classroom notes and assessment data that address the strengths and interests of their students.   They can also discuss realistic career goals and invite local trades people to discuss career choices with the class as a whole.   A student who wishes to become a do ctor, for example, may find greater success as a Certified Nursing Assistant or a Home Health Aide, or they may just volunteer at their local hospital.   Discussing Life Science topics with this group would be beneficial.   A carpenter needs to use the geometry of perimeter to order and install baseboard trim around a room, an electrician needs to understand the physics electrical loss when running wires over a long distance, and an excavator needs to understand the principals erosion when putting in a driveway.   Teachers can introduce career options and incorporate real-world applications of subject matter into homework and tests.   Inviting guest speakers into the classroom allows the student to see how their classroom experience relates to real-world skills.   Support personnel can offer insight into their career choices.   The school cafeteria staff, can give tours and discuss food service careers, the transportation department can talk about mechanics or driving la rge vehicles, and secretaries can talk about office jobs; filing, how to properly answer the phone, and collect and distribute mail.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Parents should be encouraged to participate in developing the goals and objectives for the student.   Whether they have the developmental capacity to do so or not, a parent can often add a perspective that will help the committee.   They can attend presentations and workshops with their children, join support groups, or conduct their own Internet research.   Parental and community involvement can also include a di scussion of personal work experiences, local resources, and career choices.   Those students preparing to take a place in the workforce are also given consideration in the transitional process.   Finding a rewarding job for many is an equally viable option.   In the Hyde Park School District, potential local employers hold a mini job fair for our classified students every spring.   They also offer tours of their facilities.   Some students will opt to work while still in school, while others prefer to wait until after graduation.   Those students participating in the work-study program meet with the employer to fill out a contract with the student requiring that grades be at a â€Å"C† level, proper attire be worn when at work, and that attendance must be within acceptable levels.   Several of our students have chosen to continue with these companies after graduation, and one chose to remain in her position while beginning at the local community college.   Stu dents choosing to wait until graduation to go to work will obtain employment services, or conduct their job search through a state or local employment agency. Many state and local agencies are available to assist the school, parents and the student in the transition process.   In Dutchess County, for example, specialized schools are available that can provide reading support for Dyslexic students, life skills training and education for Autistic students, and job-training for developmentally disabled students.   Research through state and local databases can offer a myriad of agencies designed to offer financial assistance, planning and advocacy.   Local colleges offer workshops both before the application process and upon acceptance to college (Sherman).   County and regional centers offer training, bilingual services, behavior intervention services, approvals for private school providers, and local special education school improvement specialists.   Through the student’s IEP, community agencies, families, and service providers can help the student meet their personal goals.   For many students in the past, life came to an abrupt halt in their late teens.   To allow these students a normal post-high school experience, colleges in twenty-three states have begun programs to provide a college-like experience for many these students. Conclusion For a special needs student, a network of professionals is in place to provide services and support.   Through the CSE process, they provide transitional services that begin with careful planning and open lines of communication.   The members of the Committee on Special Education meet at regular intervals over the course of the school year to gather related data, look at programs, and provide guidance to the classroom teacher, student, and parents.   They then advise all the classroom teachers and any other staff whom may have contact with the student what the result of the transitional services meeting is.   Many schools subscribe to an Internet based program called IEP Direct, and post a student’s documentation for all authorized personnel to access.   After the meeting, they are asked to read the minutes and offer a response.   This â€Å"village† approach to providing stabilization for a student with disabilities has proven to be very successful. 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